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Number 9 / 2026
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UDC 628.35
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.01
Riabtseva Zhanna, Zalyotov S. V.
Obsolete treatment facilities, new challenges: how the first ambitious upgrade attempt exposed a systemic crisis in the wastewater disposal sector
Summary
The critical state of wastewater treatment facilities built in the 1960s and 1970s is considered; the problems that arose during their upgrade as part of the «Volga Reclamation» and «Lake Baikal Preservation» projects (part of the «Ecology» National Project) are described. The progress and results of a large-scale inspection of 145 facilities by a parliamentary oversight group led by Zh. A. Ryabtseva, State Duma Deputy, are examined. It is emphasized that the underlying causes of the identified issues are systemic. Particular attention is given to Incident No. 55 («Wastewater Treatment Facilities»), supervised by D. N. Patrushev, Deputy Prime Minister, specifically: the response measures, development of new GOST standards, development of roadmaps, and interim results. The stalemate caused by the impossibility of complying with the stringent standards eliminating the use of economically unacceptable technologies, which is leading to increased tariffs is noted. Key unresolved issues are identified. The importance of the experience of the parliamentary control, as well as of Incident No. 55 as a model of the interdepartmental control recommended for replication while implementing other state-funded projects is emphasized.
Key words
wastewater treatment facilities , parliamentary control , parliamentary control , Incident No. 55
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UDC 628.113:628.16(676.1)
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.02
Gandurina L. V., Ssentongo F. K.
Characteristics and methods of water purification in eutrophicated reservoirs through the example of Lake Victoria in the Republic of Uganda
Summary
The characteristics of eutrophicated water bodies with steady anthropogenic loads causing widespread development of toxicogenic cyanobacteria are considered through the example of Lake Victoria in Uganda. Based on the analysis of literature data, it is shown that dissolved air flotation using composite organomineral aluminum-iron-containing coagulants is the most effective method for removing cyanobacteria from water compared to sedimentation.
Key words
settling , coagulation , flotation , phytoplankton , water body eutrophication , cyanobacteria , composite coagulants
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UDC 628.1/.3(092)
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.03
Chernikov N., Tvardovskaya Nadezhda
100th Anniversary of V. S. Dikarevskii, Academician of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences
Summary
The key stages of the professional and personal life of Vitalii Sergeevich Dikarevskii, RAACS Academician, are described. V. S. Dikarevskii published approximately 600 scientific and methodological works, including six textbooks, 12 monographs, more than 40 teaching aids, and articles for two encyclopedias he contributed. He received 21 author certificates and patents for inventions. Under his supervision, 37 engineers passed Ph. D. defense. He served as a scientific advisor on four doctoral dissertations.
Key words
water supply , water disposal , V. S. Dikarevskii, railway engineer, academician, department , department , water resource protection
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UDC 628.32(211-17)
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.04
Pautov Sergei, Gogina Elena, Spasibo Elena, Makisha Nikolai
Full-scale operational tests of municipal wastewater treatment facilities in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation
Summary
The results of R&D support for commissioning the Labytnangi wastewater treatment facilities, conducted in 2024–2025 by the experts of Enkom KSM LLC and Scientific Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences are presented. In the course of implementing the scheduled set of measures certain specific features of the treatment facilities (the Arctic climate zone, treatment technology applied, and the use of membrane sludge separation) had to be considered. Commissioning included several stages with a gradual ramp-up to 24/7 operation to provide for the stabilization of wastewater treatment processes in relation to BOD and nitro-group. Phosphorus removal to the required concentrations was achieved following the commissioning of the chemical treatment unit and determining the required chemical dose. Thus, by the end of commissioning, the attainment of the design basis conditions of the Labytnangi wastewater treatment facilities in terms of the effluent quality was provided.
Key words
nitrification , denitrification , sewerage treatment facilities , membrane bioreactor , dephosphatization , commissioning , the Arctic zone
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UDC 66.067.1
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.05
Borisov Igor, Chernousova Natal’ia, Dedov Aleksandr
The effect of the needlefelt density on the sorption capacity of surfactants
Summary
The work objective was developing a model for calculating the mass of needlefelts of varying densities used for removing Tide wash powder from wastewater. The model was developed by processing experimental data of using the needlefelts to remove simulated solutions where the powder concentration significantly exceeded that in household wastewater simplifying the method for measuring purification efficiency. Needlefelts with densities ranging from 92 to 178 kg/m3 were used as test subjects. The needlefelts were made of polyethylene terephthalate fibers with a thickness of 20–25 µm. The sorption capacity of the needlefelts of varying densities was determined as a function of the powder concentration in water. A mechanism for distributing powder particles in the needlefelts of varying densities is proposed. The model equation includes the amount of the wash powder removed from wastewater, as well as the initial concentration of the wash powder in water and the needlefelt density.
Key words
sorption capacity , surfactants , needlefelt
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UDC 628.316.12
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.06
Raff Polina, Raff Anna
Advanced technologies for the removal of pharmaceuticals from aquatic environments: analysis of efficiency and development trends (a review)
Summary
Pharmaceuticals entering the environment as part of wastewater from cities, hospitals, and agricultural enterprises are recognized as persistent pollutants, posing a potential threat to the ecosystems and human health. Owing to the high physiological activity, resistance to biodegradation, and ability to bioaccumulate, these pollutants form a toxicological background that poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. The low concentrations and polar nature of these compounds make them virtually undetectable by traditional water and wastewater treatment methods. Therefore, the development and implementation of effective technologies for the enhanced destruction or separation of persistent organic pollutants have become most pressing challenges in chemical engineering, ecology, and environmental protection.
Key words
ozonization , bioreactor , sorption , reverse osmosis , membrane technology , ecological monitoring , activated carbon , antibiotics , pharmaceuticals , nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) , hybrid processes , carbon materials , photocatalysis , bioremediation
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UDC 697.921.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.07
Nechaeva Ol’ga
Glycol circuit of an individual heating unit of commercial building ventilation systems
Summary
The specific features of designing a heating system for the heaters of the air handling units (ventilation) in commercial buildings using 45% aqueous propylene glycol solution as a coolant are considered. The solution thermophysical properties are analyzed; and the coolant mass and volume flow rates, hydraulic losses in the circuit, the estimated system volume, and expansion volume are determined. Technical solutions for calculating and choosing the equipment for an individual heating unit are proposed.
Key words
heat exchanger , individual heating unit , heat supply , heater , propylene glycol , antifreeze coolant , recycling pump , unattended pressure maintenance system
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UDC 004.056.5:004.75:628.1
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.09.08
Kiselev Aleksei, KINEBAS A. K., Tetkin Stepan, Dobrenkov Vladimir
Method for protected developing and safe assembling container images for the software components of water utilities
Summary
A method for protected developing and safe assembling container images for the software components of water utilities is proposed. The relevance of this work is driven by the digitalization of the engineering infrastructure, ever expanding use of containerization, and growing risks in the software supply chain. The method is based on the automated GitLab CI/CD pipeline, a policy-as-code approach, and formal artifact control using the Open Policy Agent. The pipeline includes Dockerfile and docker-compose.yml checks, static source code analysis, secrets detection, daemonless assembly via Kaniko, Trivy image and configuration scanning, SBOM generation in CycloneDX format, component composition checking, image publishing to Harbor, and integrity verification using Cosign. To improve the manageability, the scope of checks is separated by development branches, and a graphical pipeline parameter configurator is used. Pilot testing demonstrated possible blocking typical violations before image publication to improve the reproducibility of the assembly process.
Key words
water supply , protected development , container images , critical IT infrastructure , GitLab CI/CD , Open Policy Agent , policy-as-code , SBOM , Harbor , Cosign , Trivy
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