Effect of benzylpenicillin sodium salt on the species composition of activated sludge biocenosis

Summary

The species composition of activated sludge depends on many abiotic and biotic factors. To date, there is a problem of the presence of trace pharmaceuticals in wastewater that negatively affect the organisms of activated sludge performing biological water treatment. Antibiotics are drugs that cause disturbances in the metabolism of activated sludge and lead to a decrease in the level of water treatment. These substances inhibit the survival and reproduction of some types of organisms, and also result in the development of resistance in bacteria. The results of studies on the effect of benzylpenicillin sodium salt on hydrobionts of activated sludge with single and repeated exposure within 72 hours are presented. The general properties of the sludge – color, smell, bulking, sedimentation – were estimated. To study the sludge biocenosis, we used the «crushed drop» method with a magnification of ×1000. While analyzing the microscopic slides, the number of hydrobionts of activated sludge and their general condition were taken into account. The following species were used as indicator organisms: naked amoeba Amoeba, testate Testacea, flagellate Flagellata, rotifers Rotaria, infusoria Vaginicola, Epistylis and Aspidisca, worms Nematoda and Oligоchaeta, tardigrades, filamentous bacteria. The obtained data testified to the satisfactory operation of the activated sludge under the experimental conditions. However, with repeated addition of benzylpenicillin sodium salt, the nitrification processes may deteriorate.

Key words

aeration tank , activated sludge , wastewater biological treatment , antibiotics , municipal wastewater treatment facilities , benzylpenicillin sodium salt , hydrobionts of activated sludge

History of the establishment and development of the sewer system of the city district of Samara

Summary

The history of establishing and developing the municipal sewer system in the city of Samara in the 19th century is presented. Following the construction of a public water supply system in 1886, a need for a public sewer system in Samara also arose; however, the City Council had been a long while considering the possibility of its construction due to the lack of finance for the construction of expensive structures. In 1906, the owner of the Zhigulevskii brewery, Alfred Filippovich Vakano, financed project drafting and held negotiations with V. G. Lindley, German engineer, who had extensive experience in the construction of sewer structures in Europe. In 1909, the City Council approved the Lindley’s project in full. By October 1909, a test section of the sewer system, four miles long, was built, and then the construction of the sewer system covered the entire city center. Commissioning of the municipal sewer network significantly improved the sanitary condition of Samara. The further development took place in the post-war years, and in the late 1960s the construction of the largest sewer complex in the country was launched in Samara (at that time the city of Kuibyshev). In 1974, the municipal wastewater treatment facilities were commissioned. In 2013, the specialists of Samarskie Kommunal’nye Sistemy, LLC initiated the first reconstruction of the treatment facilities since they needed not just repairs, but a major upgrade. Following the first stage of the reconstruction, the treatment facilities modernization project was included in the Federal Project «The Volga Rehabilitation». Nowadays, the municipal wastewater treatment facilities are a safe and comfortable production environment.

Key words

reconstruction , water disposal system , construction , sewer , municipal wastewater treatment facilities , history of establishing the Samara sewer system , wastewater treatment plant , production standards , safety of the production processes