Исследование характеристик поверхностных сточных вод

Summary

The results of studies of surface runoff (rainfall and snow-melt waters) are presented. The qualitative composition of surface runoff from various catchment areas in the urban environment was determined for the subsequent estimation of their possible splitting, local treatment and reuse. The problems of battery limits associated with the discharge of polluted surface runoff are considered, and possible ways to solve the identified problems are proposed. The results of the studies prove the possibility of rational use of surface runoff by legal customers to split the flows and draw up discharge reduction plans. It is advisable to reuse rainfall and snow-melt waters collected from the roof of a building, including as process water for a number of facilities using a minimum amount of the treatment equipment.

Key words

surface runoff , rain and melt waters , drainage area , flow splitting

Calculation of Discharge and Volume of Snowmelt Runoff from Urbanized Territories

Summary

In some cases the discharges and daily volumes of snowmelt runoff from urbanized territories may exceed the calculated values of rain water discharge from the runoff basin considered. The technical literature cites only the data on the maximum intensities or daily layers of snow melting of small probability (less than 50%), which corresponds to the period of a one-time exceeding over 1,5 years. At the same time, the rain networks are most often calculated for rains with a period of one-time intensity exceeding of 0,33–1 year. On the basis of data on probability distribution curves the most characteristic of snow melting, the values of daily layers of melted runoff at small periods of intensity exceeding are obtained.

Key words

rain and melt waters , intensity of snow melting , security , hydrograph of runoff , discharge and volume of melt water