Storm rainfall management in the context of changing climate risks: international practices and recommendations for Moscow

Summary

The aspects of the adaptation of the municipal storm sewer infrastructure in Moscow to the changing climate risks are considered. Based on the analysis of the precipitation data for the period 1990–2024 (weather station No. 27612, VDNKh, Moscow), it is shown that while the annual total amount is close to the climatic norm, short-term extreme peaks intensify and the seasonal structure changes. The strategies adopted in Tokio, Stockholm and Beijing are considered: the best results are demonstrated by the multi-level architecture integrated with the proper operation and information systems. The limitations of the examined cases are also shown: the nonuniform preparedness of Beijing districts and their vulnerability to extreme precipitation events are confirmed. In Stockholm the actual failure of the policy based primarily on «green» stormwater management infrastructure is recorded. For the Moscow conditions, limited use of infiltration solutions and a focus on storage with apportioned discharge of stormwater into the network are recommended. Some measures are identified that are incapable of ensuring the required level of protection against flooding, and not recommended for being used in the city. A multistaged plan is proposed, i. e. fast-response measures to address flooding at critical points; long-term measures to upgrade and adapt the existing system. The role of communication with residents and maintenance procedures is emphasized as a prerequisite for the sustainability of the measures taken.

Key words

stormwater infrastructure , extreme showers , grey infrastructure , blue-green infrastructure , city stormwater management policies