Number 2 / 2012
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UDC
KURANOV N. P.
Handling the problems of water resources development in Russia
Summary
Experimental pilot studies of biosorption membrane technology of the Don water treatment are presented. The development of the given technology is a perspective direction in preventing chlororganic and bromorganic compound formation in drinking water. The Don water pretreatment with the given technology provides for 40–50% reduction of toxic chlororganic and bromorganic compounds formed during subsequent chlorination by means of eliminating organics in a bioreactor. During the studies high efficiency of biosorption membrane technology used for natural water treatment even at low temperatures was proved.
Key words
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UDC 628.16.081
Seliukov Aleksandr, Baikova Ida
Deironing-demanganation of ground waters at the Severny intake facilities of Khanty-Mansiysk
Summary
The results of investigating the process of deironing-demanganation of ground waters at the Severny intake facilities of Khanty-Mansiysk are presented. Ground water subject to treatment is characterized by low hardness, low alkalinity, low salt concentration and temperature values typical for the waters in the north of Tyumen. The water treatment technology applied at the intake facilities does not ensure meeting the water quality standards for iron and manganese. An alternative method of oxidation with potassium permanganate is suggested. As a result of the pilot tests at the Severny intake facilities the optimal dose of potassium permanganate that provided for decreasing iron and manganese concentration to the standard level was determined. It was shown that preliminary alkalization of the treated water to pH 7.5 and 8.5 allows 3–10 decrease of the dose.
Key words
deferrization , ground water , potassium permanganate , demanganization , process tests
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UDC 628.179.2
Koutcherenko D. I., Koutcherenko А. D.
Optimal control of recycling water systems
Summary
Method of recycling water system diagnostics that allows decomposing the process of deposit and incrustation agglomerate formation into subprocesses of separate component formation is suggested. The algorithm of selecting optimal directing effects for each component was developed using representative controllable heat exchangers. Tried and tested optimal control modes are transferred to system-wide equipment to minimize material resources and time consumption. With an account for the developments, the basic provisions of the complex network optimal operation theory, and the specific features of the recycling water systems the method of controlling these systems aiming at prevention of progressive deposit and incrustation formation is suggested.
Key words
recycling water system , efficiency criterion , heat-exchange surface , heat transfer coefficient , optimal directing effects
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UDC 556.388.005.34
KUZMIN V. V.
Risk assessment in engineering decision-making on ground water protection from pollution
Summary
Protecting ground waters from pollution often involves the evaluation of uncertainty effect. Investigating preferred options with an account of the uncertainty of initial parameters is most perspective. The decision-making pattern under uncertainty conditions demonstrated by the example of justifying the option of ground water protection from manganese pollution resulted from infiltration of polluted surface runoff coming from wastewater settling tanks is presented.
Key words
pollution , ground water protection , risk , criterion , confidence factor , option selection
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UDC 556.388.005.334
KUZMIN V. V.
Methodological principles of risk assessment in case of chemical ground water pollution
Summary
Risk assessment is recognized as a basis in tackling environmental protection issues practically all over the world. The methodological principles of risk assessment in case of chemical ground water pollution are considered. Basic algorithms for the main risk assessments related to ground water pollution are formulated; area vulnerability categories are defined depending on the response to the impact of negative processes in ground waters, methodological area vulnerability ranking in working out environmental measures is developed. The methodology of risk assessment of ground water pollution imposes exclusive demands on predicting pollution prevalence. In this connection a concept analysis of the advanced software in terms of the adaptation to the risk assessment in case of ground water pollution was carried out.
Key words
methodology , risk assessment , ground water pollution , area vulnerability , hydrogeochemical simulation
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UDC 69.059.22:556.3
KURANOV P. N., Kototeyev D. G.
The procedure of designing drainage rates and geologic safety threshold in case of urban industrial area underflooding
Summary
The regulatory documents specify the indicators of the ground water critical state depending on the development pattern of urban industrial areas. Dividing the areas according to the development pattern is presented in general without regard to the RF Town Planning Code. The analysis of published data and regulatory requirements showed the necessity of specifying the geologic safety threshold in case of underflooding in order to validate the drainage rate of the urban industrial areas. The concept of designing geologic safety threshold on the basis of the geohazard risk theory with the evaluation of underflooding negative effect level is set out. The design functional connections were obtained and the procedure of designing drainage rates, acceptable ground water levels and geologic safety threshold in case of underflooding of different urban industrial areas classified as provided by the RF Town Planning Code was developed.
Key words
risk assessment , drainage rates , geologic safety threshold , negative effect level , territory underflooding
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UDC 627.8.059.22
Pokrovsky G. I., Voinitch-Syanozhentsky T. G.
Analyzing the causes of ground retaining structure failures of waterworks of integral use
Summary
A great number of ground water retaining structures of waterworks in Russia and other countries has been made of soil and stone; accordingly they are classified as ground waterworks. Failures of the retaining structures are often caused by uncontrolled filtration in the body, landfalls, culvert contact points, and in the base. Analyzing the cause of failures is required for the development of measures of their prevention and elimination of destructive effects in future. A number of ground waterworks failures that occurred in Russia and other countries are considered with the purpose of analyzing their causes and consequences.
Key words
filtration , Failure , water retaining structures , ground , dam , disposal area , hydrology
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UDC
Vodokanal of Khabarovsk Municipal Unitary Enterprise: the test for the international and national certificate conformity has been successfully passed
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