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UDC 628.16.065.2
Belyak А. А., GERASIMOV M. M., GUSEVA O. A., SMIRNOV A. D.
Removal of ammonia nitrogen from surface water source
with the use of powdered zeolite
Summary
During flood periods increased concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in river water to 2–2.5 maximum permissible concentration are recorded at the Kirov water treatment plant. The assessment of possible use of powdered clinoptilolit containing zeolites in the existing water treatment process flow scheme to eliminate ammonium ions from natural water is given. The tests were carried out with the Viatka river water. After zeolite powder dosage of 0.1–1.3 mg/l addition into the water and 30 minutes mixing (200 rpm) slick was formed. During sedimentation a part of zeolite powder settled for 2–3 hours; however high turbidity remained for 24 hours. After adding 10 mg/l dosage of coagulant (aluminium sulfate) (as Al2O3) and Praestol 650TR flocculant complete precipitation of big flocks was achieved within 5–15 minutes. The ion-exchange capacity of powdered zeolite specimen – from 1.35 to 2.25 (as ammonia nitrogen) was determined. The highest ion-exchange capacity was recorded for Sokirnit natural zeolite (0.06–0.1 mm particle size). It was proved that ammonium ions exchange capacity depends on the concentration of clinoptilolit in the material (its concentration can change in the process of natural zeolite disintegrating and fractionating). The first pilot line of the plant with a capacity of 58 thousand m3 of water per day that provided for reducing ammonia nitrogen concentration to the level lower than MPC (2 mg/l) was assembled and tested at the Kirov water treatment plant.
Key words
flow chart , water treatment facilities , exchange capacity , clinoptilolit containing zeolite , ammonium ions
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UDC 628.166
DOI 10.35776/VST.2026.03.01
Vil’k Mikhail, Рахманин Ю. А., Strelkov Aleksandr, SHVETSOV V. N.
On the need for a radical modernization of water treatment facilities in the context of meeting the requirements of the sanitary and hygienic legislation
Summary
The need for a radical modernization of water treatment facilities in the Russian Federation in light of the tightening requirements of the sanitary and hygienic legislation is substantiated. An analysis of new standards (SanPiN 1.2.3685-21) is conducted, with special attention paid to the significant reduction in maximum permissible concentrations for a range of chemical (residual aluminum, total organic carbon, disinfection by-products of chlorination and ozonation) and microbiological indicators (including chlorine- and ozone-resistant cysts and oocysts of pathogenic protozoa and viruses). It is shown that the simultaneous achievement of both chemical and microbiological standards using existing traditional treatment schemes becomes practically impossible without revising the role of primary and secondary oxidation and introducing additional non-chemical stages of purification and disinfection. Multi-barrier technological schemes successfully implemented in major cities of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Cherepovets, Nizhny Novgorod) and worldwide (New York, Paris, Helsinki) are considered in depth. The key feature of these schemes is the effective combination and redistribution of roles between chemical (ozonation, chlorination) and physical (UV irradiation, membrane filtration, sorption) methods of purification and disinfection. This approach provides for minimizing the formation of toxic disinfection by-products, ensuring reliable removal of resistant microorganisms, and adapting systems to the variable quality of source water, especially for surface water sources. The conclusion is drawn that the step-by-step modernization of water treatment facilities with the introduction of multi-barrier technologies is not only a mandatory condition for meeting the new sanitary requirements but also a strategic direction for enhancing the environmental and epidemiological safety of drinking water supply under the conditions of anthropogenic impact and climate change.
Key words
ultra-violet irradiation , modernization , potable water quality , membrane technology , water treatment facilities , sanitary regulations and standards , multi-barrier disinfection , disinfection by-products
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UDC 628.161
Domnin K. V., Arkhipova Elena, Dounayevskaya E. V., Aleshko D. S., Metelitsa Ekaterina
The use of advanced technologies at the Head water treatment facilities of the Khabarovsk water supply system
Summary
A project of constructing the second stage of the Head water treatment facilities of the Khabarovsk water supply system was developed. The project was designed with an account of the specific composition of the water source pollution and with the use of advanced water treatment technologies. The water treatment complex will include the following facilities: settlers and filters, powdered activated carbon addition and ammoniation stages, an upgraded pumping station at the outlet of the treatment facilities with UV-disinfection stage, an advanced bacteriological laboratory.
Key words
sedimentation tank , computerization , control of water quality , chemical workshop , water treatment facilities , biomonitoring
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UDC 628.32:65.012.45
Yershov A. M., Ravochkin A. S.
Establishing the information system of the water treatment plant and other facilities ofTchelyabinsk MUE «Water Supply and Wastewater Management Production Association»
Summary
An innovative approach to the integrated communication and automation system development based on stage-by-stage expansion of the information and process automation systems is suggested. The introduction of the integrated digital communications and automation network at the Tchelyabinsk MUE «Water Supply and Wastewater Management Production Association» provides for the solution of a number of important and urgent tasks related to energy conservation, decrease of the accident rate, reduction of the operational expenditures, improvement of the efficiency and water quality.
Key words
water treatment facilities , integrated information system , fiber-optic communication line , remote monitoring
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