Mathematical modeling of water course pollution with surface runoff from railroad tracks

Summary

The directions of railroad tracks located in the Ryazan, Tambov, Penza, Ulyanovsk, Orenburg Regions, Mordovia, Tatarstan, and Bashkiria are considered. The parameters and characteristics of the railroad tracks of the Kuibyshev railway on the section of the Samara Region: the length of the section, number of crossings with water bodies, average crossing value per 1 km, crossed water bodies, the length of the water flow along the railroad tracks, specific combined index of river water pollution are presented. The average value of railway crossings with water bodies in the Samara Region is 0.549/km, i. e. approximately one crossing per every 500 m. Correspondingly in every 500 m surface runoff from the road track and adjacent area enters the water body from four sides. A method of mathematical modeling of surface runoff from railroad bed entering water bodies is proposed provided water bodies are located parallel to transport trunk railways in the presence and introduction of previously ignored additional pollution into water bodies. The requirement for surface runoff from railroad and water body crossings treatment is substantiated.

Key words

surface runoff , rail tracks , pollutants , railroad and water body crossings , bridges and river crossings

The main revisions proposed in Amendment No. 3 to CP 32.13330.2018 «Sewerage. External networks and structures»

Summary

The main revisions CP 32.13330.2018 «Sewerage. External networks and structures» proposed in Amendment No. 3, developed by the Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences in 2023 are described. The following concepts were introduced: basic technical solutions and requirements for their development, industrial storm sewer systems at industrial enterprises and requirements for their design. The requirements to the existing wastewater disposal systems have been clarified. The revised and extended requirements have been established for the use of one- and two-stage wastewater screening, acidification of primary sludge, biological wastewater treatment methods, UV disinfection of effluents, stabilization and disinfection of wastewater sludge, thermal drying and thermal utilization of sludge. Requirements to the disposal of wastewater sludge have been simplified.

Key words

disinfection , wastewater treatment , sewerage , water disposal , set of rules , sludge treatment , pollutants , estimated flow

Environmental and economic assessment of surface runoff
discharge from railway stations

Summary

Non-point and controlled discharges of raw and insufficiently treated surface runoff from railway stations, bridges and bridge crossings produce a negative impact on the natural state of intersecting or nearby water bodies. The environmental damage of the surface runoff from the railway stations and bridge crossings of the Kuibyshev Railway was assessed for non-point discharge (without treatment); for controlled discharge through the tank; for 70% treatment efficiency; for the treatment to the quality standards for fishery waters. The calculations show that for bridge crossings and small stations surface runoff treatment with 70% efficiency is rational; for medium and big railway stations surface runoff treatment to the quality standards for fishery waters is recommended; for railway terminals only individual design should be applied, possibly with zoning of the territory, due to the large length of up to 5km and the complex layout of railways and availability of enterprises that provide services to the terminal. Preservation and restoration of natural water bodies is possible with certain investments in the protection of the environment provided the water bodies return or approach their original state. For environmental protection measures the economic result is expressed in: prevented damage and an increase in the income of the owner of the facility that affects the water resources region.

Key words

surface runoff , pollutants , bridges and river crossings , calculation of damage , non-point discharge , railway stations