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УДК

Dubovskaia E. M., Kamel'skikh I. S.

Tyumen water supply system – the first in Siberia

Аннотация

В 1864 г. тюменцы первыми за Уралом построили водопровод, заложив основу для запуска подобных сооружений в других сибирских городах. Это стало новостью государственного масштаба, ведь в ту пору многие города страдали от бесчисленных пожаров, а строительство хозяйственно-противопожарных водопроводов могло значительно сократить ущерб, наносимый этим бедствием.
За 155 лет своей истории тюменский водоканал не единожды становился объектом пристального внимания профессиональной общественности, ведь на его сооружениях, в связи со сложным составом воды в реке Туре, всегда испытывались самые передовые методы очистки.

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UDC 628.17.001.4

Galiullin M. F., Ponomarenko D. S., Perfil’ev V. P., Bychkov D. A.

Integrated approach to reducing water losses in Tyumen

Summary

Sustainable and integrated water resources management is one of the important challenges of the present. Access to clean water in the world is limited, in some regions there is an acute shortage. Supplying clean water in the required quantities and quality is becoming a priority for policy makers and water industry professionals worldwide. Reducing the expenditures of the resource providers, improving the efficiency of water treatment processes are those internal resources that can provide for the sustainable development of the enterprise, in a down economy in particular. The main line of «Tyumen Vodokanal» LLC activities, key elements of the operations, and insights are presented. Over the past five years Vodokanal of Tyumen managed almost to halve the water losses – from 31.7 to 16% while increasing the length of the maintained water distribution networks by 27%.

Key words

reduction of water losses , water distribution network zoning , water leak detection , custom water meters

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УДК

Aleksandrova M. V., Polobok O. A.

Advanced methods of assessment and professional growth
of young specialists in public utilities sector

Аннотация

Жилищно-коммунальное хозяйство – одна из базовых отраслей российской экономики. При формировании стратегии развития ЖКХ до 2035 г., которую Министерство строительства и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства России планирует утвердить в текущем году, эксперты выделили в ней шесть основных разделов: теплоснабжение; водоснабжение и водоотведение; жилье и жилищная сфера; развитие инвестиционного потенциала; экология; кадровая политика.

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UDC 681.518.5

Galiullin M. F., Gurskii V. A., Krichkovskii E. V., Bychkov D. A.

Improving the efficiency of production processes with the use of mobile devices

Summary

«Rosvodokanal Tyumen» specialists have been actively using mobile the geographic information system for solving the problems of operating water supply and sewer networks over the past two years. This application has been designed by «Politerm» company (St. Petersburg) for devices based on Android 4.2 (and higher) operating system. The main advantages of using mobile GIS are as follows: the advanced level of inventory and certification of water and wastewater facilities; centralized data storage and quick access to the information; navigation on the ground; quick identification of a water or sewer manhole; reduction of time for decision making by the operations control service; decrease in production losses due to the reduction of time for search of manholes; high-quality planning and reduction of «idle» visits of emergency crews; improving the efficiency of ensuring fire safety.

Key words

certification , water supply and wastewater disposal facilities , mobile geographic information system , sewer manhole , inventory

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UDC 628.16.081:628.161.2

Seliukov Aleksandr, Raff P. A., Semenov Mikhail, Mishina T. F.

Pilot testing the technology of low-turbid colored water conditioning in the process of two-stage filtration

Summary

The results of the pilot tests of the technology of low-turbid colored water conditioning by two-stage filtration are presented. The tests were carried out to specify the parameters of the technology being developed and to determine the effectiveness of water purification of the Zeya River (Amur Region) with a view to its use in domestic and industrial water supply of the designed industrial facility. During the test period the river water was characterized by low temperature (3.5–7.5 °С), low pH values (6.5–6.7) and alkalinity (0.4–0.5 mg-eq/dm³) with color up to 80 degrees. To specify the chemical dosages preliminary (laboratory) tests were carried out. It was established that the treatment of river water with sodium hypochlorite provided for a noticeable bleaching effect – up to 40%. However, increasing the oxidizer dosage to more than 10 g/m³ is ineffective. At the specified river water color the dosage of chemical can be set within 5–7 g/m³. Owing to low alkalinity values it is recommended to alkalize water with soda ash at an optimal dose of 6 g/m³. According to the results of the test chemical treatment of water the preference was given to Aqua-Aurat™30 coagulant at doses of 35–40 g/m³. By comparison of the flocculants of Praestol group, Praestol 650TR showed the best results at doses of 0.1–0.15 g/m³. Pilot tests of purifying Zeya river water proved the high efficiency of the two-stage filtration technology (contact prefilter + rapid filter). The use of Aqua-Aurat™30 coagulant in combination with Praestol 650TR flocculant ensured the standard quality of drinking water, as well as the quality required for industrial water supply of the designed industrial facility.

Key words

sodium hypochlorite , water treatment , coagulant , flocculant , low-turbid colored river water , two-stage clarification , soda ash

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UDC 628.35

Kevbrina M. V., Gavrilin A. M., Dorofeev A. G., KOZLOV M. N., Aseyeva V. G.

Best available technologies of wastewater treatment:  implementation experience of «Mosvodokanal» JSC

Summary

Owing to the transfer to process standardization from 2019 (Federal Law No. 219-FZ) natural resource users are bound to introduce the best available technologies. Advanced technologies of municipal wastewater treatment ensuring the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus have been used in Russia at less than 10% of the wastewater treatment facilities. When transferring to process standardi­zation many water utilities will face the problem of upgrading wastewater treatment facilities. Successful practical experience of water utilities where BATs have been already used at wastewater treatment facilities will be useful for choosing the optimal process flow scheme. The introduction of advanced wastewater treatment methods has been a priority task for «Mosvodokanal» JSC. For a long period the company has developed and adapted to the conditions of the Moscow wastewater treatment facilities the process flow scheme of wastewater treatment with the removal of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) which is the best available technology. This made it possible to introduce this technology at the Lyuberetskie and Kuryanovskie wastewater treatment facilities – the largest and extremely large-scale facilities as well as at small- and mid-scale wastewater treatment plants in Minzag and Shchapovo settlements (Prefecture of Troitsky and Novomoskovsky Administrative Districts, Moscow). Experts of «Mosvodokanal» JSC developed a pre-design concept of the reconstruction of the aeration tanks at the treatment facilities of Cherepovets and the local treatment facilities of the Optina Pustyn monastery (Kozelsk, Kaluga Region) with the introduction of nutrients removal technology. The practical experience gained in «Mosvodokanal» JSC shows that the best available technologies have been developed, can be introduced and operate successfully.

Key words

best available techniques , sewerage treatment facilities , technological rate setting , wastewater biological treatment , nitrogen and phosphorus

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UDC 628.32

Larionov S. Iu., Panteleev Aleksei, Riabchikov Boris, Shilov Mikhail, Kasatochkin A. S., Zhadan A. V., Савочкин А. Ю.

Commercial tests of VTI-M high-rate horizontal clarifier enhanced with microsand

Summary

For the adjustment of enhanced coagulation technology on industrial scale a commercial VTI-M plant has been designed for the purification of surface and waste water as well as storm run-off. The design capacity of the plant is up to 300 m³/h. Enhancing the impurity sedimentation process is achieved using fine-grained sand weighting agent. Its subsequent washing off of the sludge is carried out in a pulse column which provides for reducing significantly the amount of secondary waste compared to the known analogues. The development of a new horizontal type clarifier was carried out on the basis of previous laboratory, pilot and experimental-industrial studies. VTI-M commercial clarifier consistently provides for the high quality clarified water that fully meets the requirements for the composition and quality of water supplied for ion-exchange desalination. During the testing period water was supplied for production needs. The use of the equipment package allows obtaining high quality water while reducing the consumption of acids and alkalis which in turn will reduce the discharge of salt waste and thereby reduce the harmful impact on the environment.

Key words

coagulation , coagulant , flocculant , microsand , enhanced treatment , sand recycling , water , commercial plant

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UDC 544.723.212:504.064.4

Michukov M. A., Kanarskii A. V.

Use of carbamide-formaldehyde sorbing materials in the elimination of emergency oil spills

Summary

Experimentally the advantages and disadvantages of sorbents based on carbamide-formaldehyde resin are revealed in comparison with other types of sorbing materials used to eliminate emergency oil spills on the ground or water surface. It was determined that carbamide-formaldehyde material has high values of sorption capacity (up to 60 g/g), hydrophobicity and buoyancy (more than 72 hours), absorption rates (10 s). After one-time use this material loses its mechanical strength which prevents its reuse. A distinctive feature of the sorbent is the possibility of extracting from it captured hydrocarbons in belt presses or centrifuges. The studies of the spent sorbent based on carbamide-formaldehyde resin containing oil products have been carried out. The absence of acute phytotoxicity was revealed – the difference in the parameters of cockweed cress seeds in the experiment and control began to manifest itself only on the seventh day of the experiment. Experiments were carried out to study the possibility of biodegradation using Eisenia fetida earthworms of Lumbricidae family. The following conditions of the biological decomposition of spent sorbent containing oil products have been determined: the need for the pretreatment with biohumus extract; sorbent colonization by cocoons but not by adult worms; concentration in the substrate is from 20 to 50%.

Key words

oil pollution , oil sorbent properties , carbamide-formaldehyde resin , phytotoxicity , biodegradation

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UDC 628.1/.2 (98)

Kofman V. Ya.

Water supply and wastewater disposal in the Arctic region:
Greenland, Canada, USA (a review)

Summary

The specific features of the water supply and sanitation infrastructure in the Arctic Region are determined by the extreme dramatically changing climatic conditions, scattering throughout the vast territory of separate communities; the lack, with a few exceptions, of road communication between settlements; differences in the views of traditional and modern culture on the role of water supply and sanitation systems. The transport infrastructure involves the prevailing use of ships, aircraft and helicopters. In light of this almost all communities have autonomous systems of power supply, water supply and sanitation. Public water supply is provided only in some of the largest cities; in most cases, the water transported in tanks is stored by residents in tanks or independently delivered from water distribution points. Wastewater is either discharged untreated or passes passive purification under natural conditions organized in stabilization ponds and/or in marshy areas where self-purfication takes place due to sedimentation, biodegradation and inactivation of microorganisms under the impact of sunlight. After passive treatment the effluent is discharged into estuaries or the sea. In households of small settlements bio toilets with removable plastic bags are widely used. These bags are collected, transported and emptied at sea by municipal services, outsourcing companies or individual collectors. Recently local wastewater treatment and reuse systems have become common; monitoring of anthropogenic pollution of the natural aquatic environment is becoming regular.

Key words

water supply , anthropogenic pollution , aquatic environment , the Arctic Region , Greenland , Canadian Arctic , Alaska