bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.065.2
Alekseeva L. P.
Influence of Conditions of Formation and Composition of Filter Wash Water on the Process of Their Treatment
Summary
Results of the research in filter wash water treatment at different water supply stations are presented. Studies conducted and pre-design technological investigations make it possible to establish that compositions and properties of wash water at various water supply stations vary significantly and depend on the quality of influent water which may vary according to the seasons of the year as well as the technology of its treatment (types and dozes of reagent, operation conditions and conditions of the treatment facilities). It is established, that the efficiency of reagent-free clarification of wash water of various types depends on the content of mineral substances in them. Depending on the type of wash water, flocculants as well as coagulants together with flocculants can be used for their advanced reagent treatment.
Key words
wash water of filters , turbidity , suspended substances , chromaticity , coagulant , flocculant
|
DOI 000000
UDC 628.17.001.4
Strelkov A. K., Egorova Yu. A., Bykova P. G., Nesterenko O. I., Strelkova T. A., Talovyria Larisa
The influence of the ecological state of the water source
on the mode of operation of water
Summary
While studying the water quality of the water source of the city of Samara – the Saratov water reservoir, special attention was paid to the main indicators that influence the choice of chemical treatment: turbidity, permanganate index and color. Seasonal changes in the water quality of the water reservoir require constant adjustment of the chemical dose in order to meet the regulatory requirements to the quality of treated water. The results of the studies of changes in the water quality of the Saratov reservoir at the water abstraction points of the city of Samara for 2017–2019 by turbidity, permanganate index and color are presented. Due to the abnormal temperature differences and onset of autumn flood (end of December 2019 and January 2020), the water quality in the water reservoir dramatically changed in color and permanganate index. It was noted that an increase in these indicators required an increase in the dose of chemicals during the source water purification. The optimal dose of chemicals is selected with Lovibond ET-750 flocculator depending on the composition of the source water. Regular test coagulation allowed maintaining the quality of purified water in accordance with the regulatory requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 «Drinking water. Quality control», except for color and total iron since the values of these indicators were increased within the measurement accuracy.
Key words
turbidity , chromaticity , water treatment , coagulant , flocculant , permanganate oxidizability
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.161.3.001.891.53
Strelkov A. K., Egorova Yu. A., Bykova P. G.
Selection of most efficient chemicals for water treatment
Summary
The Saratovskoe water reservoir has been the main water source of the Samara public water supply. The municipal water treatment facilities have been built after typical projects and designed for clarification and disinfection of moderately polluted water. Lately sharp suspended solids reduction and organic pollution increase (mainly of natural origin) in the water source have been observed. During flood periods technogenic pollution (surfactants) is present, the concentration of manganese increases, phenol is found. At low water temperature, high color and permanganate value higher doses of chlorine and coagulant are required. Coagulation at low temperatures is inhibited which results in the concentration of residual aluminium and permanganate value exceeding the maximum permissible levels. Higher chlorine dosages cause higher concentrations of chloroorganics in water. Therefore a chemical for using during flood periods that will provide for the required quality of water shall be selected. The results of the laboratory studies of selecting the chemical type and optimum dosage for water purification from the Saratovskoe water reservoir during flood periods are presented. Eighteen coagulant trademarks manufactured by domestic and foreign producers were investigated. The optimum dosages of coagulant and flocculant were defined. From the coagulant samples presented two were selected that could provide for the maximum drinking water clarification at minimum levels of residual aluminium and permanganate value. The final choice can be made on the basis of the technical and economic calculations taking into account the chemical price, delivery cost and required water quality.
Key words
turbidity , sedimentation tank , chromaticity , coagulant , flocculant , filtration , water treatment , residual aluminium , permanganate oxidizability
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.065
Belyak А. А., ZHAVORONKOVA V. I., SMIRNOV A. D., Lainer Yu. A., Milkov G. A.
Investigating the coagulating capacity of advanced aluminium-containing coagulants in natural water treatment
Summary
The results of testing three new coagulants developed at the A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences: two North-Onega bauxite-based coagulants and one red-mud-based coagulant are presented. The test results showed that the overall performance of water treatment with optimal dosages of the new coagulants was practically similar to the treatment with traditional aluminium sulfate, except for the red-mud-based coagulant that increased the concentration of iron ions in water after treatment.
Key words
turbidity , chromaticity , coagulant , iron , efficiency of treatment , natural water treatment
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.066.1
Zhurba M. G., Govorova Zh. M., Gandurina L. V., Govorov O. B., Yelyukov M. V.
Intensification of low-turbidity colored water treatment in a sludge blanket clarifier (part 1)
Summary
The specific features of high colored low turbidity water treatment in clarifiers with sludge blanket during representative time periods with low temperatures and water alkalinity are considered by the example of the Vologda water treatment facilities. The results of investigating chemical pretreatment of water from the Vologa River and Koubenskoye Lake during flood periods with the use of various oxychloride and aluminium sulfate trademarks as well as cationic and anionic flocculants are presented. The advanced methods of enforcing water treatment process in a sludge blanket are covered. The results of studying a «clarifier-filter with floating media» combined system are presented.
Key words
coagulant , flocculant , low turbidity colored water , sludge blanket clarifier , recirculator , filter with floating media
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.066.1
Zhurba M. G., Govorova Zh. M., Govorov O. B., Yelyukov M. V., Chekryshov A. V.
Intensification of low-turbidity color water treatment in a sludge blanket clarifier (part 2)
Summary
The specific features of high color low turbidity water treatment in clarifiers with a sludge blanket during representative time periods with low temperatures and water alkalinity are considered by the example of the Vologda water treatment facilities. The advanced methods of water treatment process enhancement in a sludge blanket are covered. The results of studying a «clarifier-filter with floating media» combined system are presented. The implementation of the proposed measures at the existing water treatment facilities of the Northwest regions, Siberia and Far East will provide for the efficient operation of the clarifiers.
Key words
coagulant , flocculant , water quality , sludge blanket clarifier , filter with floating media , test bench
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.321
Zhadan A. V., Kasatochkin A. S., Larionov S. Iu., Panteleev Aleksei, Riabchikov Boris, Shilov Mikhail
Testing VTI-M pilot high-rate lamella clarifier with microsand
Summary
In order to test and adjust in pilot mode the technology of enhanced water coagulation a VTI-M pilot high-rate clarifier with microsand was designed. The installation with a capacity of up to 30 m3/h is designed for the purification of surface, storm and waste water. It is constructed in such a way that the purification process can be carried out either with recycling of generated sludge or with the use of fine-grained sandy weighting material. VTI-M clarifier provides for the sustainable water quality that fully meets the requirements to the quality of water supplied to ion exchange desalination.
Key words
coagulation , coagulant , flocculant , microsand , clarifier , enhanced treatment , sand recycling , thin-layer block
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.316.12
Iavtushenko Marina, Larionov S. Iu., Panteleev Aleksei, Riabchikov Boris, Shilov Mikhail, Kasatochkin A. S., Zhadan A. V.
Testing IKO-R enhanced coagulation pilot plant
Summary
An experimental plant with a capacity up to 20 m3/h was developed for enhanced coagulation of surface and waste water as well as storm water. The treatment process is based on sedimentation of inclusions together with coagulated flocs under the optimal conditions of chemical addition and mixing. To enhance the sedimentation process sludge recycling from the settling tank was provided that ensured the formation of big flocs. Pilot tests of the plant were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of removing suspended solids and phosphorus from the effluent during tertiary treatment at the Podolsk wastewater treatment facilities in the Moscow Area. The capacity of the plant during testing varied from 3 to 15 m3/h. At steady operation of the settling tank no sludge washout was observed. During longer tests the capacity was 8–10 m3/h; in terms of the cross section of the settling tank the specific capacity (flow rate) was 5–7 m3/(m2·h). Time to reach the steady state conditions was 5–10 minutes. At that the efficiency of phosphorus removal was 80%, permanganate value was reduced by 54% and suspended solids concentration was reduced by 58%.
Key words
coagulation , coagulant , flocculant , sludge recirculation , enhanced treatment , pilot plant
|
DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.10.04
UDC 544.77.052.22
Burganov Renat, Khasanova D. I., Gil’mutdinova Gul’fiia, Кирилова М. А., Kovrizhnykh E. A.
Studying and selecting effective flocculants for the purification of the Kama River water
Summary
Using the Kama River water as an example, the advantage of using flocculants of various ionic activity in combination with a coagulant based on polyaluminum chloride is shown. The results of studies of the main physical and chemical indicators are presented that better characterize the specific features of the coagulation of the Kama River water. Under the experimental conditions all tested flocculants were comparable as for the effectiveness to the flocculant based on polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride currently used at the water unit of Nizhnekamskneftekhim PJSC. In the process of water clarification using a flocculant (sample No. 1) was proposed with a dose of 1–3 mg/dm3. It was shown that the combined use of polyaluminum chloride and the flocculant (sample No. 1) was more effective for extracting aluminum ions from water. The method of river water coagulation with the use of the flocculant (sample No. 1) differs from the existing one in higher cost-effectiveness and 50–60% reduction the of the chemical consumption.
Key words
clarification , flocculation , coagulant , flocculant , efficiency of treatment , river water , residual aluminium , chemical dosage , polyaluminum chloride , polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride , test coagulation
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.345.1.001.2
Getmantsev S. V., Gandurina L. V., Sychev A. V.
Research in Coagulation Properties of AQUA-AURAT™18and Aluminium Sulphate at Independent and Combined Application
Summary
Results of the experimental studies on coagulation of pollutants of various types (suspended substances, dyes and humic substances) with coagulant AQUA-AURAT™18 and aluminium sulphate at combined application depending on their ratio and order of insertion in comparison with composite coagulant AQUA-AURAT™105 are presented. It is shown, that the combined use of aluminium sulphate and AQUA-AURAT™18 at consecutive insertion or in the form of composition intensifies the process of water treatment for suspended and dissolved acid substances (humates and acid dyes) comparing with the independent use of coagulants at a lesser or equal dose. The composite coagulant AQUA-AURAT™105 is more efficient for removal of suspended substances from wastewater than dissolved organic pollutants of acid type.
Key words
suspended substances , coagulation , coagulant , water treatment , humic substances , dye
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.161.3
Astrakhantsev D. V., Kirsanov A. A., Egorova Yu. A., Bykova P. G., Erchev V. N., Strelkov D. A., Zanina Zh. V.
Modernization of Chemical Workshop of the Pumping-Filter Station of Samara Using the Powdered Carbon Sorbent
Summary
Modernization of the chemical workshop carried out at one of unit of the pumping-filter station of Samara with 360 thousand m3/day output has made it possible to improve the reliability of water treatment. The flow chart includes the primary chlorination, dosing of powdery activated carbon into influent water, coagulant addition before the mixer, flocculant addition at the passage of water from the mixer, clarification in horizontal settling tanks, filtration in rapid filters, secondary chlorination. The use of powdered activated carbon in the water treatment scheme ensures the quality of potable water corresponding to specified requirements.
Key words
potable water , coagulant , flocculant , pumping-filtration station , mixer , powdery activated carbon , chemical workshop
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.336.429
Kriven' A. P., Ovcharova I. V.
JD Multi-Disk Dehydrator – an innovative solution for sludge dewatering
Summary
«EKOTON» Industrial Group has been broadening the range of equipment for wastewater sludge dewatering. In addition to belt and chamber filter-presses, and screw dehydrators «EKOTON» Company in cooperation with TSURUMI PUMP, Japanese company, launched the licensed production of JD Series Multi-Disk Dehydrators. The unique design of the dehydrator precludes even a theoretical risk of working chamber clogging, whereas continuous self-cleaning of filtration pores with rotating disks during the operation of the unit provides for the filtrate discharge even when dewatering sludge containing fats and oils. The information on the design of JD Multi-Disk Dehydrator, the principle of operation of the dewatering facilities on the basis of this unit, the main advantages and differences compared to screw dehydrators is presented. The recommendations are given for the fields of domestic market application of the new equipment for dewatering wastewater sludge and industrial slurries of different origin.
Key words
coagulant , flocculant , flotation slime , dewatering equipment , multi-disk dehydrator , epoxy resin and stainless steel disks , clamp plate
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.161.2
Raff P. A., Seliukov Aleksandr
Desiliconization of ground water at the deironing-demanganization facilities
Summary
The results of investigating the technology of desiliconization of ground water typical for the Tyumen North are presented. It was found that efficient elimination of siliceous, ferriferous and manganese compounds is ensured in the process of water treatment with potassium permanganate in alkalescent environment with subsequent coagulation with AQUA-AURAT™30 polyoxychloride. However, the dosage of coagulant required to provide for the permissible silicon concentration is relatively high. Therefore, additional clarification means (e.g. two-stage filtration) shall be retrofitted into the process flow scheme. Residual aluminium concentration in filtrate did not exceed Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC).
Key words
coagulant , potassium permanganate , alkalizing reagent , cold low-mineralized ground water , desiliconization , deironing-demanganization
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.052.2
Alekseeva L. P., Alekseev S. E., Kourova L. V.
Optimization of low polluted water purification process
Summary
The ways of enhancing water coagulation processes at the operating water treatment plants with the purpose of reducing chemical costs are considered. The results of studying the conditions of different coagulants and floculants use in water purification from low polluted sources by the example of the Irtysh River are presented. It was stated that during both summer-fall and winter periods the use of aluminium oxychloride coagulant in combination with organic coagulants was most efficient for Irtysh water treatment. The effect and optimal parameters of mixing chemicals with water in the mixing chamber and flocculation tank is shown. The optimal conditions of water mixing in the mixing chamber during the summer period provided for reducing the turbidity of clarified water and filtrate by 20 and 35%, respectively; whereas enhancing slow mixing in the flocculation tank – by 35 and 63%, respectively. During the fall period the effect of mixing conditions is even higher and allows reducing the chemical dosage applied minimum twofold while maintaining the quality of treated water. In winter when water treatment at the plant is actually carried out in contact coagulation mode the represented data show that the optimal conditions of rapid mixing water with coagulants in the mixing chamber provide for the treated water turbidity 3–5 times lower compared to the treatment under the existing conditions even at lower dosages. It is shown that for low turbidity and low colored water reducing the chemical dosage requires more rapid and long-lasting water mixing in flocculation tanks.
Key words
potable water , coagulant , flocculant , low polluted water source , conditions of mixing water with chemicals
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.081:661(24+48+63)
Gandurina L. V., Potapova L. V.
Precipitating capacity of AQUA-AURAT™30 coagulant in water treatment in the presence of calcium hydroxide
Summary
The results of experimental studies of simultaneous elimination of sulphates, phosphates and fluorides from water with AQUA-AURAT™30 aluminium polyoxychloride in the presence of calcium hydroxide are presented. It was shown that the standard concentration of sulphates and phosphates is ensured with the chemical dosage ratio 4.5 (as active СаО/Аl2О3) and рН 11. Fluoride concentration under the circumstances is decreasing from 11 to 2 mg/l. The standard fluoride concentration in treated water is ensured at рН 7.
Key words
coagulant , water treatment , phosphates , aluminium polyoxychloride , calcium hydroxide , sulphates , fluorides
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.161:536.22
Fomina V. F.
Features of Coagulation of Low Turbid, Color Water of the Vychegda Under Conditions of Low Temperature
Summary
Results of the reagent treatment of low turbid and color water of the Vychegda for the purpose of selection of the efficient method of its clarification is presented. The process of coagulation is characterized by the formation of small, poorly settling flakes. Low temperatures of water require increasing the optimal doses of coagulant almost two times and the optimal doses of flocculant more than two times. It is shown, that the water discoloration up to 5–10 degrees and its maximal clarification are achieved in and around of optimal pH values. The empirical dependences of a coagulant’s dose on influent water color with due regard for its temperature are given. The efficiency of low temperature water treatment depends substantively on flocculation process, the duration of which multiplies several times during the periods of water's low temperatures. Under these circumstances the pressure flotation is the most reasonable and efficient method of clarification.
Key words
clarification , chromaticity , flocculation , coagulant , flocculant , coagulation , alkalizing reagent , water temperature , pressure flotation
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.065
Alekseeva L. P., Kourova L. V.
The specific features of using organic cationic flocculants in surface water treatment
Summary
The specific features of using high-molecular cationic flocculants for the treatment of water from surface sources characterized by low color, medium turbidity and low organics are considered. On basis of theoretical provisions and experimental results the expediency of using these flocculants as basic chemicals and in combination with mineral flocculants are shown; the conditions of using them at the water treatment plants are determined.
Key words
potable water , turbidity , chromaticity , water treatment , coagulant , flocculant , water source , organic substances
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.065.2
Akhmadieva Iu. I., Sazanova N. I.
Estimation of the efficiency of aluminum-containing coagulants
in low polluted surface water treatment through
the example of «Minskvodokanal» UE
Summary
«Minskvodokanal» UE has been continuously developing the technologies of water treatment with the purpose of improving drinking water quality and water supply services. One of the perspective directions of improving the technologies of surface water treatment at the Water Treatment Plant of Minsk is the search for new efficient chemicals, coagulants based on aluminium salts in particular. The data describing the quality of natural water incoming for treatment is presented. The process flow scheme of water treatment is presented. The issues of objective estimation of the efficiency of the chemicals studied are considered with obtaining consistent results proved under production conditions. The main controlled parameters of natural water and water after coagulant addition are determined, and the measurement techniques are presented. The experimentel results and technical process modeling under laboratory conditions is shown. A general program of laboratory tests of aluminum-containing coagulants has been compiled. The method of data processing and analysis with obtaining statistically consistent results has been developed. The periods of testing new coagulant brands that provide for taking account of the seasonal and annual fluctuations of the chemical and microbiological water components for selecting coagulants that are efficient throughout the year are denoted.
Key words
potable water , water treatment , coagulant , flocculator , low polluted water source
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.54
Shchetinin A. I., Kolesnik Yu. V., Ulchenko V. M., Kostin Yu. V., Esin M. A., Agafonkin V. V., Tomilov S. M., Maznyak Z. A.
Wastewater Treatment at Meat-Processing Enterprises
Summary
Issues of the wastewater treatment at meat-processing enterprises are described. The plan of the KonkordiyaLtd.’s wastewater treatment has been developed. For preliminary treatment, local treatment facilities which include a drum grate with an inclined dewatering screw, equalizing tank and physicochemical treatment unit on the basis of a reagent pressure flotation plant have been dsigned and constructed. Household sewage is supplied to an inlet distribution chamber, then to interlocked fine treatment grates and aerated horizontal sand-grease catchers. The mixture of household sewage treated mechanically and industrial wastewater treated locally is supplied to aeration tanks for biological treatment with removal of biogenic elements and then for aftertreatment and disinfection. Dewatering of all types of sludge is carried out at Ecopolymerbelt filter-presses using flocculants. Commissioning of local and wastewater biological treatment facilities as well as equipment for dewatering of sludge at belt filter-presses has been executed. The high wastewater treatment quality and sludge dewatering level have been achieved.
Key words
wastewater , aeration , coagulant , flocculant , belt press filter , meat-processing enterprises , physicochemical and biological treatment
|
bbk 000000
UDC 628.16.081:628.161.2
Seliukov Aleksandr, Raff P. A., Semenov Mikhail, Mishina T. F.
Pilot testing the technology of low-turbid colored water conditioning in the process of two-stage filtration
Summary
The results of the pilot tests of the technology of low-turbid colored water conditioning by two-stage filtration are presented. The tests were carried out to specify the parameters of the technology being developed and to determine the effectiveness of water purification of the Zeya River (Amur Region) with a view to its use in domestic and industrial water supply of the designed industrial facility. During the test period the river water was characterized by low temperature (3.5–7.5 °С), low pH values (6.5–6.7) and alkalinity (0.4–0.5 mg-eq/dm3) with color up to 80 degrees. To specify the chemical dosages preliminary (laboratory) tests were carried out. It was established that the treatment of river water with sodium hypochlorite provided for a noticeable bleaching effect – up to 40%. However, increasing the oxidizer dosage to more than 10 g/m3 is ineffective. At the specified river water color the dosage of chemical can be set within 5–7 g/m3. Owing to low alkalinity values it is recommended to alkalize water with soda ash at an optimal dose of 6 g/m3. According to the results of the test chemical treatment of water the preference was given to Aqua-Aurat™30 coagulant at doses of 35–40 g/m3. By comparison of the flocculants of Praestol group, Praestol 650TR showed the best results at doses of 0.1–0.15 g/m3. Pilot tests of purifying Zeya river water proved the high efficiency of the two-stage filtration technology (contact prefilter + rapid filter). The use of Aqua-Aurat™30 coagulant in combination with Praestol 650TR flocculant ensured the standard quality of drinking water, as well as the quality required for industrial water supply of the designed industrial facility.
Key words
sodium hypochlorite , water treatment , coagulant , flocculant , low-turbid colored river water , two-stage clarification , soda ash
|
|
