DOI 10.35776/VST.2022.08.01
UDC 628.2:006.3

Primin Oleg

New CP 517.1325800.2022 «Operation of the public water supply and wastewater disposal systems, structures»

Summary

The information on the new Code of Practice CP 517.1325800.2022 «Operation of the public water supply and wastewater disposal systems, structures» is presented. The development of the Code of Practice was carried out by the order of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation as part of the national project «Housing and urban environment» up to the year 2024 in terms of providing for the improvement of the technical regulation system for updating the acting regulatory and technical documents for retrofitting advanced technologies and establishing restrictions on the use of obsolete technologies in design, construction and operation. The purpose of developing a new Code of Practice has been as follows: compiling a single document of the federal level that establishes the recommendations and industry regulatory requirements for all the basic stages of operating public systems and facilities for water supply and wastewater disposal; establishing comprehensive requirements that guarantee the adoption of the most effective and safe technical solutions based on the generalized experience in the design and operation of public water supply and wastewater disposal systems; accounting for the provisions put into force in the period 2019–2021 of the regulatory documents for the water industry; accounting for the results of scientific research. The Code of Practice reflects the current features of the operation of public systems and structures for water supply and wastewater disposal, taking into account the innovative methods and technologies for their repair, maintenance and reconstruction.

Key words

water supply , water disposal , maintenance , set of rules , regulatory requirements , structures

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UDC 628.147.23

Tchoukhin V. A., Andrianov A. P.

On the possible identification of biocorrosion in water supply systems

Summary

The results of the analysis of the literature data and in-house studies of steel cold and hot water pipelines subject to internal corrosion are presented. The common factor for all the studied samples was the occurrence of corrosion tubercles along the pipe inside perimeter. The study of tubercular deposits with the help of scanning electron microscopy allowed identifying four typical zones: base, core, hard coat and thin surface layer. These zones differ in structure and chemical composition. The mechanism of electrochemical and microbial induced corrosion of steel pipes is described. It is assumed that the zone under the tubercle consists of numerous corrosion electrochemical elements. On the outer edge of a tubercle corrosion occurs with oxygen depolarization, whereas inside – with hydrogen one; at that, the potentials arising during oxygen depolarization are producing a dominant effect on the formation of the outer dense layer. The hypothesis of the mechanism of tubercular deposits growth and their typical morphology is presented. On the basis of studying the properties of the deposit samples taken from the operating pipelines with the purpose of restoring the conditions of their formation the assumption on the dominant effect of microbial induced corrosion on the pipe material was made. Identification of the bacteria role in corrosion process, apart from the direct observations, can be made on the basis of determining crystalline ferric oxides formed on the surface of bacterial cell remains and their magnetosomes. The definite answer to the question on the decisive role of bacteria in corrosion of metal pipelines requires further studies.

Key words

water supply , corrosion deposits , biofilm , microbial induced corrosion , steel pipes , energy-dispersive analysis , scanning electron microscopy

UDC 628(14+21):66.011
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.08.04

Gromov Grigorii, Novikov Kirill

On possible combining the concepts of BIM and GIS while developing schematics of external water supply and sewer networks

Summary

At the moment, the concepts of «scheme of water supply and wastewater disposal of a settlement» and «project documentation» are fixed in the Russian legislation. Based on the activities provided in the scheme, project documentation for each of them is further developed. At the same time, the development of an electronic model of the water supply and wastewater disposal scheme, in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 5, 2013 No. 782, is carried out using software based on a geographic information system (GIS); whereas the design documentation for a capital construction object should be developed on the basis of an information model in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 331 dated March 5, 2021. The information model is developed with the help of the software using BIM modeling. The analysis shows that for the moment the software that would fully combine these two concepts – GIS and BIM is not available. Interim results of the implementation of the software package in «Mosvodokanal» JSC are presented with the analysis of possible combining the concepts of BIM and GIS to obtain more accurate and complete information about the facility being implemented.

Key words

water supply , water disposal , geoinformation system , electronic model , outdoor networks , BIM-modeling

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УДК [628.1.033+628.3]:658.562

Gnipov A. V., Mazaev V. T., Khromchenko Ya. L.

On the control of drinking water quality and wastewater composition reflected in the RF new regulations

Summary

Some critical comments to 416-FZ Federal Law «On water supply and wastewater disposal» of December 7, 2011 are presented. It is noted that the statutory wording can be often liable to differing interpretations of the most important provisions whereas the regulations adopted in furtherance of the law are not associated with the holistic view of the problem. The control and supervision aspect of water supply and wastewater disposal is considered that has been regulated by the new RF enactments. «The rules of operational control of the drinking water, hot water quality and safety» approved by RF Government Decree No. 10 of January 6, 2015 are discussed. Some concerns are voiced that a common limited list of indicators for all the public water supply systems will be established which can result in formalistic development and approval of the programs of water quality and safety operational control; in the lack of proper quality surveillance. It will cause serious degradation of the situation with drinking water in Russia. In relation to the problem of the composition and properties of wastewater discharged into public sewers it is shown that all the customer categories irrespective of the discharged wastewater amount shall carry our routine operational control of the composition and properties of wastewater (independently and at their own expense), and submit the results to the water services company. The company, in its turn, will check the conformity of the submitted information with the actual data («The rules of using public water and wastewater systems in the Russian Federation», paragraph 65). 416-FZ Federal Law and the documents adopted on its basis compared to the previous acting statutory enactments will be a step backwards in relation to the procedure of operational control of drinking water quality, wastewater composition and properties as well as the safety of the mentioned water environment.

Key words

potable water , wastewater , water supply , water disposal , water safety and quality control , federal law

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UDC 628.1.033:351.777

Samburski Georgi, Plitman S. I., Pestov S. M., Tulakin A. V., Ampleeva G. P.

On some problems in water treatment related to the implementation  of «On water supply and wastewater disposal» Act

Summary

A number of problems of regulating the process of drinking water purification for public water supply systems related to the water quality meeting the established hygienic requirements and performance targets are considered. It is shown that water and wastewater providers using the methods of risk assessment can optimize the measures aimed at improving the quality of drinking water in the context of choosing the implementation dates and priorities. It is noted that measuring water quality parameters without any consi­deration for procedural and sampling errors may not reflect actual concentrations of pollutants in drinking water in public water supply systems; whereas five-fold exceeding maximum permissible concentrations is possible which cont­ravenes both drinking water hygienic standards and criteria of significant drinking water quality deterioration.

Ключевые слова

potable water , water supply , water treatment , water quality , measurement error , health risk

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UDC 349.6:628.1/.3

Sapozhnikova V. A.

About the Necessity of Legislation Enhancement in Order to Stimulate the Formation and Development of Environmental Services Sector for Water and Wastewater Treatment in Russia

Summary

The intensive development of the global market of environmental services, water supply and wastewater treatment services constitute a considerable proportion, is one of macroeconomic tendencies. Foreign experts note the underdevelopment of this sector in Russia. The issues of functioning and prospects of development of the environmental services sector for water supply and wastewater treatment in Russia with due regard for legal and organizational aspects are considered. Key obstacles to the development of ecological industry and innovations (imperfection of the legislation and institutional environment, the scantiness of investment activity of private investors) are identified. Suggestions about the need to take legislative, administrative and organizational measures to stimulate the development of the environmental services sector for water supply and wastewater treatment are made.

Key words

water supply , wastewater treatment , pollutants , technological rate setting , environmental services , investment project

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UDC 628.1/.3:338.2

NEFEDOVA E. D., Hyamyalyainen M. M., Kovzharovskaia I. B.

The experience of evaluating the efficiency of the actions  of the investment program of a water supply  and wastewater disposal enterprise

Summary

The communal infrastructure of the water supply and wastewater disposal in Russia needs renovation. The need in reconstruction and upgrade of the public water supply and wastewater disposal systems increases year by year. In this context any enterprise in compiling targeted lists of development program actions faces the problems of substantiating and evaluating the efficiency of the actions, prioritizing their implementation. The approaches determined in the branch regulatory legal acts do not provide for evaluating adequately the efficiency of construction, renovation and upgrade of the public water and wastewater facilities and substantiating the need in them. Taking into account the specificity of the enterprise and the experience gained SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» developed an additional tool for evaluating the efficiency and substantiating the actions; prepared and put in force the guidance documents. The suggested tool includes the evaluation of the economic efficiency of an action, its contribution to the achievement of the planned re­liability, quality and energy efficiency as well as of the implementation risk. The tool has been approbated in the process of developing the investment program of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg».

Key words

water supply , water disposal , investment program , efficiency evaluation , technology audit

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UDC 628.1/.3

Meshengisser Yu. M., Zbrokh S. Yu., Vavilov O. Yu.

The experience of implementing projects financed by international institutions

Summary

The aspects of Russian companies participating in water and wastewater projects financed by international institutions are considered. Case study of Ecopolymer Group experience in implementing the projects of wastewater facilities reconstruction in Kishinev, Rostov, Taganrog, Zaporozhye and Vologda financed by European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other institutions is presented. A brief description of the reconstruction objects is given; the results of work done are presented. Specific features and conditions of the successful contract execution are defined.

Key words

reconstruction , water supply , water disposal , financial institution , contract , credit , tender

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UDC 628.112.2

ALEKSEEV V. S.

Specific features of underground water use for water supply in Russia

Summary

The aspects of using underground water for water supply in Russia are considered. Changes in the system of underground water abstraction, the lack of uniform technical policy in the field of underground water protection from depletion, drilling of water wells without adequate control from hydrogeological and administrative services caused deterioration of drinking water quality and in general can culminate in underground water resources depletion. The consequences of these activities have already partially manifested. The problems of technical completion of water wells are touched upon, the causes of well abandonment are specified. The aspects of energy saving in water well operation are considered.

Key words

water supply , ground water , power saving , water abstraction facilities , specific well yield

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UDC 628.1/.2.001.2

Pupyrev E. I.

Features of Designing of Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal Systems in Russia

Summary

Modernization of water supply and wastewater disposal systems in Russia did not become a nation-wide problem. The Pure Water Program for realization of which 9 milliard roubles were allocated for 3 years after long discussions essentially failed. Development and modernization of regional systems of water supply and wastewater disposal are executed at the expense of own and borrowed funds of the operators of the water branch. It determines the specificity of designing of systems in Russia.

Key words

water supply , designing , sewerage , technical normalization , expertise of projects

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UDC 628.144.2:62-192

Chupin V. R., Dushin A. S.

Assessment of the customer water supply reliability

Summary

The operation mode of water supply systems is influenced largely not only by the probabilistic nature of the water consumption but also by the emergency situations occurring in the pipeline sections and at the facilities that also have probabilistic nature. Overlapping of these two random processes provides for the actual pattern of the water supply and distribution system operation. A method of determining the probability of trouble-free water supply of every customer on the basis of load flow task solutions with nonfixed water abstraction for all possible combinations of random water abstraction and emergency situation occurrence is proposed. The method provides for calculating for the existing or water supply system under upgrade the probabilities of supplying every customer with water in terms of 100% and 70% assurance, and concluding on the reliability of water supply in whole if the regulatory values are available. The method can be useful both in practical operation and design of prospective plans of water supply system development.

Key words

water supply , water supply and water distribution system , nonfixed water abstraction , probabilistic nature of water consumption and emergency situation occurrence , probability of trouble-free water supply to the customers

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UDC 628.32:65.012.45

Khrenov K. E., Potemin A. A., Sapozhnikov S. I.

Planning and Control over Power Consumption at Objects of the Moscow State Unitary Enterprise Mosvodokanal

Summary

The description of a project of creation and introduction of the Automated information system of planning and control over power consumption by objects of the MSUE Mosvodokanal is presented. The urgency of execution of these works is determined by possibility of effective optimization of expenses for power consumption which share is essential in the structure of expenses of the enterprise, owing to the access to the wholesale market of electric power. The special attention is paid to the purpose of the automated system, its architectural and technical decisions, functional; screen forms are presented. Introduction of the system at objects of the MSUE Mosvodokanalhas made it possible to organize electric equipment operation in an optimal mode and has ensured the considerable economic effect.

Key words

water supply , planning and accounting of electric power , automated information system , water disposal , optimization of expenditures

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UDC 541.183:697.932.6.001.2

AHMEDOV G. Ya.

Enhancement of Efficiency of the Use of Geothermal Water for Hot Water Supply

Summary

Results of the study of the fractional composition of sand coming by with geothermal water from Apsheron, Karagan and Chokrak aquifers, and also its influence on kinetics of the precipitation of the solid phase of calcium carbonate from of geothermal water solutions are presented. A design scheme of effective use of geothermal water for hot water supply and heating is resulted.

Key words:

suspended substances , water supply , geothermal water , sand , water treatment , salt precipitation , calcium carbonate

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UDC 628.1/.2:621.644.075

Prodous O. A., Terekhov L. D.

Selection of polyethylene pipe grades for trenchless rehabilitation of water and wastewater pipelines

Summary

In the world practice different methods of trenchless rehabilitation of water and wastewater pipes are used. Selecting a method of trenchless rehabilitation is recommended solely after having compared the cost of the set of process equipment, its payback period and hydraulic characteristics of the pipeline before and after the rehabilitation. A method of substantiating the selection of polyethy­lene pipe grades for trenchless rehabilitation of water and wastewater pipelines is presented. The method of selecting the diameter of polyethylene pipes is as follows: for a certain pipe material the inner diameters of the pipeline under rehabilitation and pulled through polyethylene pipe are determined according to the existing standards; the ratio between the inner diameter of the pipeline of the section under rehabilitation and the outer diameter of the polyethylene pipe pulled through (by any method) should differ by only one standard size by grades; for comparison the hydraulic characteristics of the pipeline before and after the trenchless rehabilitation are determined by tables (handbooks); the cost of the process equipment, payback period and the hydraulic characteristics of the pipeline before and after the rehabilitation are compared. Thereafter the diameter of the pulled through polyethylene pipes is accepted. A comparative analysis of the hydraulic parameters for two methods of trenchless rehabilitation with the use of 160–400 mm diameter polyethylene pipes was carried out. The results of comparing the hydraulic characteristics of a pipeline in the process of rehabilitation with and without host pipe destruction are presented.

Key words

water supply , pipeline , trenchless repair , sewerage , polyethylene pipes , pressure losses

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UDC 628.1/.2:336.7

Berezin S. E., Pupyrev E. I., Bazhenov V. I., Samburski Georgi

Development of the method of life cycle costing of the equipment, systems and facilities for water supply and wastewater disposal

Summary

The Expert-Technological Board of the Russian Water and Wastewater Association has developed «The method of life cycle cos­ting of the equipment, systems and facilities for water supply and wastewater disposal». The method was presented at X Conference of Russian Vodokanals (September 19–22, 2017, Kaliningrad), and at the present moment it is under approval of the Federal Anti-Monopoly Service. The analysis of the life cycle cost estimate methods – international (for the purpose of the compliance with the state procurements) and domestic (their use is not of system character). The calculation dependencies are presented also with account of discounting expenditures of the current cost in time. The categories of pertainance of the calculation objective are presented: the first – equipment, products; the second – capital construction projects. The adaptation of the estimate indicators to the international practice is accompanied with the support of the generally accepted abbreviation to simplify the procedure of the foreign representatives participating in the Russian tenders. The references to the examples of the approbation of the life cycle cost calculation in accordance with the functional specific features of the developed method related to the technical and technologic aspects as well as to the projects – research and design and experimental, public-private partnership, performance and leasing contracts are given.

Key words

water supply , water disposal , life cycle cost , estimation procedure , discounting expenditures

UDC 628.2/.4:006.3:349.6
DOI 10.35776/VST.2024.02.04

Pavlinova I. I., Primin Oleg

Meeting the legislative regulations and rules while designing, building and operating water supply and wastewater disposal systems (for discussion)

Summary

The main aspects of amendments to the legislative and regulatory documents in the construction industry are considered, including the consideration of the developed regulatory documents by the relevant authorities before being approved by the Russian Ministry of Construction, as well as difficulties in the gradual transition to the parametric standardization. The problems of the regulatory framework in the field of designing the facilities for surface runoff removal and treatment are considered. Proposals for revising the Water Code of the Russian Federation with the introduction of environmental standards for the quality of surface waters and standards for the permissible impact of economic or other activities on water bodies are outlined and supported – to develop them on the basis of the water quality standards in accordance with the requirements of the current environmental legislation. To improve the quality of design documentation, imposing control over the professional training of designers with mandatory proficiency testing in accordance with the occupational standards is proposed. Further updating the system of regulatory documents in the field of design, construction and operation of water supply and wastewater disposal systems, using the current structure of the regulatory framework is also proposed.

Key words

water supply , designing , water disposal , construction , regulatory framework , updating regulatory documents , standards

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UDC 628.1/.3:377.4

Melnik E. A., Gorelik L. D., Kholodkova V. V.

Implementation of the project of establishing water supply and wastewater disposal Cluster in St. Petersburg

Summary

The mechanism and scheme of establishing the water supply and wastewater disposal cluster in St. Petersburg are considered. Within the frames of the developed and approved concept the water supply and wastewater disposal cluster of St. Petersburg includes three segments: educational, technological and industrial ones. The educational segment is represented by Water Academy and other educational institutions – partners of the cluster. The technological segment includes a Showroom, Engineering and Consulting Centers. The industrial segment includes companies – suppliers of materials and equipment for water industry of St. Petersburg, and companies that are planning to establish production in St. Petersburg. Each segment fulfills specific tasks and functions. The main development paths and long-term tasks are nominated. The key results of the cluster activities in 2016 are described.

Key words

water supply , water disposal , cluster , Engineering Center , Water Academy

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UDC 628.1.033:543.3

NEFEDOVA E. D., Hyamyalyainen M. M., Kovzharovskaia I. B., Shevchik G. V.

Risk-oriented approach to the arrangement  of drinking water quality control

Summary

Supplying the population with safe drinking water has been one of the priority tasks in the water supply sector. For many years the approach to the arrangement of the quality control of drinking water supplied to the population with the use of a public water supply system has not been changed and has been carried out in full compliance with the active for that time laws and regulations. In 2016 RF Government Decree of August 17, 2016 No. 806 «On using the risk-oriented approach in the arrangement of certain types of the state control (inspection)» was adopted that allowed the providers of water supply services to use the risk-oriented approach in the arrangement of the process control of drinking water quality with account of the population health risk. In accordance with the current legislation SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» has developed the «Program of the process control of the drinking water quality and safety in the city of Saint-Petersburg for the period of 2017–2022» with account of the risk-oriented approach in the arrangement of drinking water quality control that is currently implemented in the control and supervision by Rospotrebnadzor bodies.

Key words

water supply , control of potable water quality , health risk assessment , risk-oriented approach , integral estimation

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UDC 628.144

Bol'shev K. N., Ivanov Vasilii Alekseevich, Stepanov A. A., Varfolomeev G. R.

Temperature and pressure monitoring system of the water distribution networks of Yakutsk

Summary

The information on the design of the system of monitoring temperature and pressure in the water distribution networks of Yakutsk is presented. In operating the municipal water supply under low temperature conditions continuous water temperature and pressure monitoring in the network is needed to prevent from pipeline freezing and overheating of the pumped water. To this end automated systems of temperature and pressure monitoring in the networks have been deve­loped. To provide for the data remote transfer for the system control Circuit Switched Data (CSD) technology for GSM mobile networks is used. With the help of this technology two GSM modems can establish a communication channel for import of data. For the operation of this system at a remote measuring point a cellular communication signal of the selected operator at the facilities together with continuous power supply shall be available. AIR-10N pressure sensors and TSPU-205-N temperature sensors were used as transmitters with 4–20 mA standardized signal; CPU – computer-process interface modules manufactured by Elemer SPE OJSC were used for subsequent transformation of signal and interface. Exchange of data between the computer and analogue input modules is ensured by MODBUS protocol version. To provide for the system control an information computerized system including a data base with Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express, a service of terminal polling with the help of Windows service application, and an operator interface was developed. At present the system is operating steadily in the mode of systematic polling. The designed system can provide for collecting data from 200–300 measuring points.

Key words

water supply , monitoring , pressure , pipeline , centralization of control , temperature