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Number 2 / 2023
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UDC 614.777:628.161.1:658.562.012.7
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.01
Lapin Pavel, Eliseev Dmitrii, Kopulov Sergei, Pashkova Valentina
The state of underground sources and public water supply systems of the Oryol Region and measures to improve the water quality
Summary
The state of the water resources inventory of the Orеl Region including underground and surface sources of water supply, is considered. The main causes of unsatisfactory water quality in public water supply systems are specified. To assess the quality of groundwater and water in water distribution networks in terms of microbiological and sanitary-chemical indicators, a method based on the filtration of a certain volume of water through membrane filters with subsequent identification by biochemical properties was used. The state of the underground sources of public water supply systems and distribution networks in the districts of the Orel Region for 2019–2021 is considered for compliance with the regulatory requirements. A number of measures have been proposed in order to implement the regional program «Improving the quality of water supply in the Orel Region» to improve water supply in the Region.
Key words
water supply system , ground water , microbiological characteristics , water object , centralized water supply system , sanitary chemical indicators
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UDC 628.2/.4:006.3:349.6
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.02
Danilovich Dmitrii, Frog Dmitrii
The main innovations introduced by Amendment No. 2 to the Code of Practice CP 32.13330.2018 «Sewerage. Pipelines and Wastewater Treatment Plants»
Summary
The main prerequisites for the development of Amendment No. 2 to CP 32.13330.2018, and the tasks facing this work are described. The main innovations introduced by Amendment No. 2 are considered. The principles of synchronization of the system of engineering regulation of wastewater treatment processes with environmental regulation of discharges; clarification of the provisions for determining the estimated wastewater inflows; additions to the subsection on drain stations are described. The main additions and clarifications in terms of wastewater and sludge treatment technologies are described and justified (Chapter 9 of the Code of Practice), namely: updated requirements for intrahour safety factors while calculating channels and flumes; supplemented requirements for reliability in the design of channels of bar screen buildings and the data for calculating the amount of screenings depending on bar spacing; specified conditions for the use of sewage regulators; requirements for the calculation of primary settling tanks, aeration tanks, secondary settling tanks; recommendations for the removal of phosphorus; requirements for the redundancy of sludge dewatering equipment in case of the lack of spare sludge beds; introduced formulas for calculating the pollution of primary effluent; recommendations for sludge acidification from primary settling tanks; requirements for the redundancy of submersible electromechanical equipment of aeration tanks and for the regulation of sludge discharge from secondary settling tanks; detailed recommendations on the use of filtration beds for receiving effluents; the limits of applying mandatory dechlorination while using chlorine and the allowability of using prefabricated units.
Key words
treatment facilities , sewerage , screens , phosphorus elimination , set of rules , dechlorination , primary and secondary settling tanks , pipelines and wastewater treatment plants , municipal (mixed) wastewater , estimated inflow , sewage regulators , drain stations , calculations , aeration tanks , equipment redundancy , sludge acidification , filtration beds , prefabricated units
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UDC 628.316.13:628.345.4
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.03
Eremeev Dmitrii, Gruzdev Sergei
Clarification of recycled water of gas cleaning of a blast furnace using a water-dispersible flocculant
Summary
The results of laboratory testing of choosing the optimal flocculant for clarification of recycled water of blast furnace gas cleaning are presented. Laboratory testing was carried out according to the standard method of sedimentation (clarification) in glasses. It has been shown that the use of ATE 12520 liquid water-dispersible flocculant provides for the successful removal of suspended solids and turbidity from gas cleaning recycled water. The proposed chemical treatment program was recommended for commercial testing of the clarification system of gas cleaning recycled water of a blast furnace at one of the ironworks in Russia. The ATE 12520 flocculant dosage range recommended for testing (as commercial chemical) in terms of wastewater supplied to the circular sedimentation tank is 0.3–0.5 g/m3.
Ключевые слова
recycling water , flocculation , gas cleaning , wastewater clarification , flocculant (powdered, emulsive, water-dispersible) , liquid flocculant inversion
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UDC 628.1/.2:621.65
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.04
Kosteuk Aleksandr, Sokolov Sergei
Consideration of the load profile while sizing the pump
Summary
The efficiency of pumping equipment is a priority for water supply providers. The main condition for the efficient operation of pumps is the correct choice of pump parameters and methods of their control in accordance with the requirements of the system. A specific feature of water supply systems is a wide variety of operating modes both within 24 hours and projected for several years. A practical example shows the need to take into account the actual and prospective modes of operating a pumping station while selecting the sizes of pumping units. An analysis of the operating modes of pumps of different sizes and control methods is given. Specific and total energy consumption was used as a criterion for estimating the best option. This provides for the efficient and reliable operation of pumping equipment throughout the entire life cycle.
Key words
pump , energy efficiency , pumping station , import substitution , operating mode , load profile
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UDC 628.315:663.285.2
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.05
Sergeev Viktor, Gotovtsev Aleksandr, Brezitskii Vladislav, Vol’skii Aleksei, Kashcheev Iurii
Winery wastewater treatment
Summary
The efficiency of an integrated approach to the treatment of winery wastewater that is household and industrial wastewater, is estimated. A process flow scheme for winery wastewater treatment is proposed. The implemented technical solutions using the basic equipment of home manufacture provide for the sustainable wastewater treatment up to the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants allowed for the discharge into fishery water bodies. The effluent can also be used in the business’s activities. The basic equipment is manufactured by Polikhim SPE of polymer materials (low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, fiberglass), which guarantees a long service life of the entire complex of the treatment facilities.
Key words
flotation , sorption , municipal and industrial wastewater , two-stage treatment flow scheme , Biokaskad biological treatment unit , anode oxidation unit
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UDC 628.35:665.666.6
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.06
Kevbrina M. V., Gavrilov Dmitrii, Belov N. A., Agarev Anton
Industrial tests at the Kur’ianovskie Wastewater Treatment Facilities involving the transfer of one primary settling tank into the acidification mode
Summary
In the process of Moscow wastewater treatment primary effluent is lacking enough organic substances for sustainable removal of nitrogen and phosphorus to meet the regulations. One of the methods of enriching wastewater with easily decomposable organic matter is acidification (acid fermentation) of raw sludge. At the Kur’ianovskie Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Moscow industrial testing was conducted at the first new treatment block operating according to the UCT process flow scheme with a design capacity of 600 thousand m3/day on transferring one settling tank into the acidification mode. Of the four settling tanks of the block, raw sludge from the three primary settling tanks operating in the clarification mode was fed to the fourth one operating in the acidification mode. Wastewater flow rate for the acidifier was 30–100% of the flow rate of each of the primary settling tanks, or 11–25% of the water flow rate of the block. The acidified sludge recycling was 100% with respect to the raw sludge flow, or 3% with respect to the mixture of raw sludge and wastewater entering the acidifier. The residence time of the sludge in terms of dry matter (SRT) in the acidifier changed during the experiment from 2 to 3.5 days; the highest treatment efficiency in relation to removing nitrogen and phosphorus compounds was achieved with a residence time of 3.5 days. The hydraulic residence time of wastewater in the settling tank-acidifier (HRT) ranged from 1.9 to 5.5 hours and did not have a noticeable effect on the rate of removing nitrates and phosphorus as phosphates at the next biological stage. The arrangement of the operation of the primary settling tank in the acidification mode showed the presence of the effect of this process that contributed to the additional removal of 3.5 mg/l of nitrogen as nitrate and 0.23 mg/l of phosphorus as phosphate, and provided for the treatment level up to BAT standards. The average concentration of nitrogen as nitrates in the effluent decreased from 11.6 to 8.1 mg/l. For phosphorus as phosphate, before the introduction of acidification at the facilities, the standard effluent quality was provided; however, the enrichment of wastewater in the process of acidification with easily decomposable organic matter contributed to a decrease in the concentration of phosphate phosphorus from 0.35 to 0.12 mg/l. The transfer of one primary settling tank to the acidification mode provided for implementing the acidification process eliminating the construction of acidifiers as separate tanks.
Ключевые слова
nitrogen removal , wastewater treatment , acidification , readily available organic matter , prefermentation , phosphorus elimination , process parameters of the acidifiers’ operation
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UDC 628.161.2:544.77.052.5:628.16.094.3-926.214
DOI 10.35776/VST.2023.02.07
Pilipenko Marina, Dubina Aleksandr, Likhavitskii Vitalii
Combining ultrasonic treatment and ozonation for wastewater treatment of dyeing plants
Summary
The results of studying the efficiency of purification of model and real wastewater from dyeing and finishing works by combining ultrasonic treatment and ozonation are presented. The effect of the treatment time, ozone concentration in the gas mixture on the purification efficiency has been studied. The purification efficiency was evaluated by optical density and COD. As a result of the study up to 12% increase in the efficiency of wastewater treatment was shown while combining flotation with ozone-air mixture instead of air with ultrasonic treatment. This effect can be associated, first of all, with the dispersion of ozone-air mixture bubbles that results in an increase in the surface area, and, accordingly, in an increase in the kinetics of mass transfer – ozone dissolution.
Key words
flotation , wastewater , dye , ozone , fabric dyeing
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